Politeness in Communication in the Tafsir of Surah Al-Hujurat: Review of the Story of Interaction with Rasulullah SAW

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the concept of adab al-kalam (politeness of speech) in the Tafsir of Surah Al-Hujurat, especially verses 2, 6, 9, 10, 11, and 12, which describe the interaction of the Companions with the Prophet Muhammad. This surah provides important guidelines on communication manners and ethics, which are very relevant in the social life of Muslims. The asbabun nuzul of this surah includes several important stories, such as the disobedience of some companions in speaking loudly in front of the Prophet (verse 2), as well as the act of quickly believing in information without verification (verse 6), responding to conflicts between tribes (verses 9 and 10), focusing on insulting fellow Muslims (verse 11), and emphasizing the prohibition of prejudice (verse 12). The research uses thematic interpretation method (tafsir maudhui) with a qualitative approach, referring to classical and contemporary interpretation sources, as well as relevant scientific articles. The results show that the concept of communication politeness in the Qur'an includes respect for the authority of the Prophet Muhammad, the selection of appropriate language, awareness of social position, and control of emotions. In addition to being a reflection of human relations, this politeness is also a form of respect for the Prophet Muhammad as a messenger of Allah. This research contributes to the understanding of communication ethics in Islam based on the interpretation of Al-Hujurat, which can be applied in the context of modern social life.